This paper introduces a 2D angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimator, which has a 6â??18 GHz 7-element nonuniformly spaced array (NSA)\nand a Direct Data Domain- (D3-) based AoA algorithm for a 2D isotropic-element planar array (IEPA). A 2D calibration and\ndata-transformation method is developed to convert the NSA data to the output of the IEPA, so that the NSA-measured data can\nbe used in the D3 algorithm. Using the steering vector (SV) of the IEPA and the results derived from the D3 method, a new 2D\nAoA searching method is also developed, which offers frequency-independent performance defined by the probability of AoA\nestimation, when the required estimation accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are given. For the applications of electronic\nsupport measures, this paper also presents the use of precalculated SV and data-transformation matrix databases built on\npreselected frequency points and a 2D-angle grid that is close to uniformly distributed directions............................
Loading....